A mammogram is a special type of X-Ray that allows doctors to visualize the breast tissue. The mammography machine compresses the breast and this will cause some discomfort.

Screening tests are critical in detecting lumps and other abnormalities within the breast tissue before they can be felt by a regular external exam. The machine takes 2 pictures of each breast. One picture is taken from the top down and the other from side to side. This way, any abnormality can be located more precisely. If an abnormal growth is seen, a diagnostic mammogram is performed. The breast is divided into quadrants, centering upon the nipple.

Once a lump is located, a more detailed examination will focus on that region. The majority of all breast cancers are in the upper, outer quadrant. The least, around 6% are found in the lower, inner quadrant. If a lump is detected, the chances are that it is NOT cancerous. Of ever 1000 mammograms, only one or two will lead to a diagnosis of cancer. Of those 1000 mammograms, 10% will require further mammography. And about 8-10% of those will require a biopsy. And of those biopsies, 80% will NOT be cancerous.

Although a useful diagnostic tool, 10% of mammograms will miss the lump or lesion. That is why it is important to have regular mammograms as well as regular physical breast exams. Once a woman has reached 40, it is recommended to have a screening test every year.

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